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Salisbury (various pronunciations., but locally , ) is a cathedral city in Wiltshire, England, and the only city within the county. It is the third-largest settlement in the county, after Swindon and Chippenham, with a population of 41,682. The city is located in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. Its cathedral was formerly located to the north at Old Sarum; following its relocation, a settlement grew up around it, drawing residents from Old Sarum and Wilton. The new town received its city charter in 1227 under the name , which continued to be its official name until 2009, when the Salisbury City Council was established. It sits at the confluence of five rivers: the Nadder, Ebble, Wylye, and Bourne are tributary to the Hampshire Avon, which flows to the south coast and into the sea at Christchurch in Dorset. Salisbury railway station serves the city and is a regional interchange, marking the crossing point between the West of England Main Line and the Wessex Main Line. Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is about northwest of Salisbury and greatly aids the local economy. The city itself, Old Sarum, the present cathedral and the ruins of the former one also attract visitors. ==Name== The present name of Salisbury is a clipping of , a former name which distinguished it from "Old Salisbury", now more often known as Salisbury itself is the modern form of Salisburie, a late medieval lambdacism of the Norman French and . These were adaptions of the Old English names ,〔Wiltshire Government. ("Wiltshire Community History: Salisbury: Thumbnail History". )〕 ,〔 and .〔Samuel, Lewis. ''Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England'', Vol. IV. 1835.〕〔Cameron, Kenneth. ''English Place-Names'', p. 35. (Batsford), 1988. ISBN 0-7134-5698-1.〕〔Blake, Norman Francis & al. "English Historical Linguistics: Studies In Development" in ''CECTAL Conference Papers Series'', No. 3. Centre for English Cultural Tradition and Language (Sheffield), 1984.〕 These were calques of the native Brittonic placename and an Old English suffix ' ("fort"), which developed here as but also appears elsewhere as or The Roman name ラテン語:Sorviodunum was a Latinised form of the Celtic name as well, preserving the Brittonic suffix meaning "fort" reconstructed as *''-dūnon''. The eponymous fort in these names was that at Old Sarum. Salisbury (i.e., Old Sarum) also appeared in the Welsh ''Chronicle of the Britons'' as 〔Roberts (1811), (p. 135. )〕 or Gradawc (〔Welsh Prose 1300—1425. ("Oxford Jesus College MS. 111 (The Red Book of Hergest) – page 147r: Trioedd Ynys Prydain, Cas Bethau, Enwau ac Anrhyfeddodau Ynys Prydain", col. 600 ). University of Cardiff (Cardiff), 2014. 〕) and as Caer-Wallawg.〔Roberts, Peter. (''The Chronicle of the Kings of Britain; Translated from the Welsh Copy Attributed to Tysilio; Collated with Several Other Copies, and Illustrated with Copious Notes; to Which Are Added, Original Dissertations'', pp. 150–151. ) E. Williams (London), 1811.〕 Bishop Ussher argued for its identification with the 〔Nennius (). Theodor Mommsen (). ''Historia Brittonum'', VI. Composed after 830. Hosted at Latin Wikisource.〕 listed among the 28 cities of Britain by the ''History of the Britons'' traditionally ascribed to Nennius.〔Newman, John Henry & al. (''Lives of the English Saints: St. German, Bishop of Auxerre'', Ch. X: "Britain in 429, A. D.", p. 92. ) James Toovey (London), 1844.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Salisbury」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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